Citing Personal Communications

Citing Personal Communications (Interviews, etc.)

According to the APA style, personal communications (e.g., e-mail, nonarchived electronic bulletin board communications, personal interviews, telephone conversations, etc.) do not contain recoverable data and should not  be included in the reference list. Personal communications should only be cited in the text.

Example (in the text):

M. C Higgins (personal communication, March 4, 2009)

(R. Olson, personal communications, Feb 24, 2009)

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